Election in India
India is the largest democracy in the world. The election in India is managed by the election commission of India, this is the government body responsible for all type of election in India like Assembly election, Parliamentary election or Lok Sabha election, Municipal corporation election, By-election and gram panchayat election. The election in India has a direct impact on the lives of India people because they elect their chief minister through Assembly Election who manage the state complexity and challenges and on the other the most important and prominent election is Lok Sabha election through which the Indian people choose the prime Minister of India. The current population of India is 1.35 Billion this is the only approximation as per 2011 census and manage this population when any election takes place and this all managed by Election Commission of India is the apex body which sees all the matter belongs to Elections. The government of India work on the ideology of Federalism and elected member can be appointed: Local level, State level and Federal level.
The Parliament of India consists of two houses one is Lok sabha house and other is Rajya Sabha house. The Lok Sabha member elects the prime minister of the country and this house also known as the lower house. There are a total of 552 members, out of which 530 members from state and rest 20 members from union territories and two members chosen from the Anglo Indian community by the President of the country. After every five-year Lok Sabha member are elected for the prime minister position.
Lok Sabha election 2014 was conducted in 9 stages and according to some official report, this was the ever most expensive election in India entailing INR 3,426 crore to the national exchequer. while on comparison with 2009 Lok Sabha election, there was a substantial jump of 131 % because, in 2009, the total cost was 1,483 crore which means Rs12 per elector and in 2014 the cost is Rs 3,426 crore. In 1952 the total cost of the election was INR 10.52 crore which means 60 Paise per elector. based on the above-mentioned figure we easily can estimate the expenditure of upcoming Lok Sabha Election 2024, what will be the expenditure.
Do you have any idea what was the total expenditure cost of the 2019 Lok Sabha election?
According to the CMS report, 2019 was the most expensive election held ever than 2014, the total cost was INR 60, 000 crore which means estimated INR 700 per elector. The BJP spent about 45 %, congress(INC) spent about 20%.
According to CMS Analysis & Estimation, the 2019 Lok Sabha election expenditure
| S.No | Head | Percent | Amount (Rs. In Crores) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Voter Directly | 20-25 | 12000-15000 |
| 2 | Campaign/Publicity | 30-35 | 20000-25000 |
| 3 | Logistics | 8-10 | 5000-6000 |
| 4 | Formal/ECI | 15-20 | 10000-12000 |
| 5 | Miscellaneous | 5-10 | 3000-6000 |
| Total: | 55000-60000 |
While the upper house of Parliament is known as Rajya Sabha comprises 238 members and its tenure is 6 years. Twelve members of Rajya Sabha from different fields, like sports personality, artists, scientists, businessmen, jurists, and journalists.
Lok Sabha Election Summary
| Winner | First Runner up | 2nd Runner Up | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Election | Total seats | Party | Seats | % votes | Party | Seats | % votes | Party | Seats | % votes |
| 2019 | 17th Lok Sabha | 545 | BJP | 303 | 37.90% | INC | 52 | 19.56 | AITC | 22 | 4.10% |
| 2014 | 16th Lok Sabha | 545 | BJP | 282 | 31.34% | INC | 44 | 19.52% | AITC | 34 | 3.31% |
| 2009 | 15th Lok Sabha | 545 | INC | 206 | 28.55% | BJP | 116 | 18.80% | SP | 23 | 3.23% |
| 2004 | 14th Lok Sabha | 543 | INC | 145 | 26.53% | BJP | 138 | 22.16% | CPM | 43 | 5.66% |
| 1999 | 13th Lok Sabha | 545 | BJP | 182 | 23.75% | INC | 114 | 28.30% | CPM | 33 | 5.40% |
| 1998 | 12th Lok Sabha | 545 | BJP | 182 | 25.59% | INC | 141 | 25.82% | CPM | 32 | 5.16% |
| 1996 | 11th Lok Sabha | 543 | BJP | 161 | 20.29% | INC | 140 | 28.80% | JD | 46 | 23.45% |
| 1991 | 10th Lok Sabha | 521 | INC | 232 | 36.26% | BJP | 120 | 20.11% | JD | 59 | 11.84% |
Election System in India
Types of Election
- Lok Sabha Election
- Rajya Sabha Election
- State Assembly Election
- Legislative Council Election
- Election to Post of president
- Local Bodies Election
- Municipal Corporation
- Block Panchayat Election
- Gram Panchayat Election
- Zila Panchayat Election
Election Process in India
India is a secular and sovereign county and this all democracy of India is maintained by the constitution of India. Every state is divided into assembly constituency and parliamentary constituency and every constituency has a representative of people. And every representative belongs to some political party like BJP, INC, AAP, BPP, SP and so on. These party representative contest with each other and who got huge votes that member declared winner and same has been taking place in all the constituency of the state, the party who won the high number of constituencies, their representative declared CM of state.
The same has been done during the parliamentary election, the party who won the maximum number of states and the maximum number of seats with the majority, the winning party elect one prominent member among them who becomes PM of India. The same scenario takes place in other types of the election except for Rajya Sabha Election.
India Demographics:
| Total Population | 1.2 billion |
| Number of Electors | 834,082,814 |
| Male Voters | 437,035,372 |
| Female Voters | 397,018,915 |
| Third Gender | 28,527 |
| Youth (18-19) | 13,430,193 |
| Total No. of Polling Stations | 9,27,553 |
| Total No. of Assembly Constituencies at Present | 4,120 |
The Parliament
| Rajya Sabha | 250 members (243 at present); 12 members are nominated by the President under the Constitution(Article 80) |
| Lok Sabha | 543 members plus 2 members of the Anglo-Indian community, nominated by the President under the Constitution(Article 331) |
Political Parties Summary
| Political Parties | Total | Participated in 2019 Election |
|---|---|---|
| National Parties | 8 | 8 |
| State Recognised Parties | 47 | 47 |
| Registered Under Unrecognised Parties | 1,593 | 419 |
| Total No. of Political Parties | 1646 | 464 |
| Total No. of Candidates | 8040 |
Source: (Election Commission of India, wikipedia)